Regime change and oscillation thresholds in recorder-like instruments.

Based on results from the literature, a description of sound generation in a recorder is developed. Linear and non-linear analysis are performed to study the dependence of the frequency on the jet velocity. The linear analysis predicts that the frequency is a function of the jet velocity. The non-linear resolution provides information about limit cycle oscillation and hysteretic regime change thresholds. A comparison of the frequency between linear theory and experiments on a modified recorder shows good agreement except at very low jet velocities. Although the predicted threshold for the onset of the first regime shows an important deviation from experiments, the hysteresis of threshold to higher regimes is accurately estimated. Furthermore, a qualitative analysis of the influence of different parameters in the model on the sound generation and regime changes is presented.